Contents 

1. File Organization

1. Introduction  

2. Physical Files and Logical Files

3. Types of File Organization

4. Indexes 

5. Multilevel Indices  

6. Choosing a File Organization

Solved Example   

2. Introduction of DBMS

1. Overview

2. Traditional File System vs DBMS 

3. Describing and Storing Data

4. Levels of Abstraction     

5. Data Independence   

6. Structure of a DBMS 

7. Users of a DBMS     

8. Advantages of DBMS  

3. Conceptual Design (E-R model)

1. Overview of DB Design     

2. Basic Concepts of the E-R Model 

3. Additional Constraints    

4. Notations used for E–R Diagram  

5. Extended E–R Features     

6. Conceptual Design Using E-R     

7. CASE STUDY    

Solved Case Study

4. Relational Data Model

1. Structure of Relational Model Concepts

2. CONVERSION OF E-R TO RELATIONAL MODEL 

3. Example Conversion of Hospital E-R schema, G-mart to their respective Tabular representations  

4. Integrity Constraints     

5. Relational Algebra  

1. Preliminaries 

2. Relational Algebra  

3. Some Relational Algebra Queries Examples    

Solved Examples  

6.SQL

1. Introduction  

2. Data Definition Language  

3. Basic Structure of SQL    

4. Set Operations

5. Aggregate Function  

6. NULL VALUES   

7. Nested Queries

8. Modification to Database  

9. SQL Joins     

Solved Examples  

7. Relational Database Design

1. Introduction  

2. Pitfalls in Relational-Database Design

3. Functional Dependencies   

4. Concept of Decomposition  

5. Desirable Properties of Decomposition 

6. Normalization 

Solved Examples