Contents

1. Basics Concepts

1. Introduction

1.1 Business Organization

2. Meaning of Accounting

2.1 Functions of Accounting

2.2 Classification of Accounting

2.3 Nature and scope of Accounting

2.4 Objectives of Accounting

2.5 Importance of Accounting in Business Organization

3. Accounting Concepts

4. Accounting Conventions

5. Basic Accounting Terms

6. Capital and Revenue Expenditures

6.1 Capital Expenditures

6.2 Revenue Expenditures

7. Capital and Revenue Receipt

8. Users of Accounting Information

8.1 Internal Users

8.2 External Users

9. Accounting Equation

9.1 Rearranging the Accounting Equation

9.2 Characteristics of Accounting Equation

10. Journal

10.1 Characteristics of Journal

10.2 Double Entry System

10.3 Journal Entries

11. Ledger

11.1 Steps for Posting in Ledger

11.2 Characteristics of Ledger

11.3 Importance of Ledger

12. Trial Balance

2. Financial Statements

1. Introduction

1.1 Steps in Accounting Process

1.2 Financial Statements

1.3 Nature of Financial Statements

1.4 Objectives of Financial Statements

1.5 Importance of Financial Statements

1.6 Limitations of Financial Statements

1.7 Preparation of Final Accounts for Sole Proprietary Firm

3. Cost Accounting

1. Introduction

2. Features of Cost Accounting

3. Objectives of Cost Accounting

4. Scope of Cost Accounting

5. Importance and Advantages of Cost Accounting

6. Cost Center

7. Cost Unit

8. Elements of Cost

9. Classification of Cost

10. Preparation of Cost Sheet

4. Short Term Business Decision Technique - Marginal Costing

1. Introduction

2. Advantages of Marginal Costing

3. Disadvantages/ Limitations of Marginal Costing

4. Principles of Marginal Costing

5. CVP (Cost-Volume-Profit)

5.1 Characteristics of CVP

5.2 Assumptions of CVP analysis

5.3 Elements of CVP

5. Marginal Cost Equation

6. Make or Buy Decision

7. Product Mix Decisions

8. Accept or Reject in Special Order Decision  

9. Shutting Down Decision

5. Exercising Control

1. Introduction

2. Types of Budget

3. Budgetary Control

4. Techniques of Budgetary Control

5. Standard Costing

6. Advantages of Standard Costing

7. Disadvantages of Standard Costing

8. Cost Variance Analysis