Contents

1. Bio instrumentation

1.1 Introduction

2. Basic Bioinstrumentation System

2.1 Charge

2.2 Current

2.3 Voltage

2.4 Power and Energy

2.5 Resistance

2.6 Inductance

2.7 Capacitance

3. Analytic Techniques

3.1 Bioinstrumentation Design

3.2 Noise

2. Spectroscopy

1. Electromagnetic Waves

1.1 Hertz’s Experiment

1.2 Characteristics of Electromagnetic Waves

1.3 Transverse Nature of Electromagnetic Waves

2. Electromagnetic Spectrum

3. Introduction to Molecular Energy Levels (Molecular Spectra)

4. Energy Levels of Rigid Diatomic Molecules (Rotational Spectra)

5. Electron Spectroscopy

6. UV - Visible Spectroscopy

7. Colorimeter

8. Spectrophotometer

9. Flurometer (Fluorescence Spectroscopy)

10. Application to Biomolecules

3. SEPARATION METHODS

1. Introduction

2. Theory of Chromatography

3. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) Instrumentation

4. Procedure of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)

5. Applications of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)

4. BIOINSTRUMENTS

1. Introduction

2. pH Meter

3. Centrifuge

4. Mass Spectroscopy (MS)

4.1 Mass Spectrometer

4.2 Bainbridge Mass Spectrometer

4.3 Magnetic Analyzer

5. Atomic Spectroscopy

5. Microscopes

1. Resolving Power (Concept)

1.1 Diffraction

1.2 Rayleigh Criterion

2. Chromatic and Achromatic Aberrations

2.1 Spherical Aberration

2.2 Chromatic Aberration

3. Microscopes

3.1 Stereozoom (Dissecting) Microscope

3.2 Compound Microscope

3.3 Bright and Dark Field Microscope

3.4 Inverted Microscope

3.5 Phase Contrast Microscope

3.6 Fluorescence Microscope

3.7 Electron Microscope

6. THERMOREGULATION

1. Introduction

2. Thermal Expansion Methods

2.1 Clinical (Liquid in Glass) Thermometer

2.2 Bimetallic Thermometers

3. Thermoelectric Effect Instrument (Thermocouple Thermometer)

4. Varying Resistance Devices

4.1 Platinum Resistance Thermometers

4.2 Thermistor Thermometer (Semiconductor Thermometers)

5. Body Temperature and its Regulation

5.1 Importance of Constant Body Temperature (Regulation)

5.2 Measurement of Body Temperature