Contents

1. Salient Features and Classification

1. Arthropoda

2. Mollusca

3. Echinodermata

2. General Topics

1. Mouth Parts of Insects    

2. Socio-economic Life in Insects  

3. Types of Shell and Foot in Mollusca   

4. Types of Larval Forms in Echinodermata

5. Types of Pedicellariae in Echinoderms 

3. Study of Pila

1. Systematic Position, Habit and Habitat

2. External Characters 

3. Digestive System    

4. Respiratory Organs  

5. Blood Vascular System

6. Reproductive system 

4. Study of Starfish

1. Systematic Position, Habit and Habitat

2. External Characters (Oral and Aboral Surface)     

3. Body Wall     

4. Endoskeleton  

5. Section of an Arm   

6. Coelom  

7. Digestive System    

8. Water Vascular (Ambulacral) System

9. Locomotion

10. Circulatory System 

11. Respiratory System 

12. Excretory System   

13. Nervous System     

14. Sense Organs 

15. Reproductive System

16. Life History and Development   

17. Metamorphosis

18. Regeneration and Autotomy